Device for cross-weaving.



No. 852,520. PATENTED' MAY 7, 1907.

- H. T. PESTALOZZI.

DEVICE FOR (moss WEAVING APPLICATION FILED AUG. 23, 1905.

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gauze-half-heald proper.

UNITED STATES PATEN T QFFICE.

DEVICE FOR CROSS-WEAVING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May '7, 1907.

Application filed August 23, 1905. Serial No. 275,460.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HEINRICH THEODOR PESTALOZZI, a citizen ofSwitzerland, residing at Zurich, in the Canton Zurich, Switzerland, haveinvented a new and useful Device for Cross-Weaving, of which thefollowing is a specification.

In gauze weaving the weaver has to work with pairs of warp threads, oneof each pair being termed the ground-warp and the other thecrossing-warp or whip-warp, so that on the one treadle movement or onone pick the whip warp thread will be brought up on the right side ofthe ground warp, and that on the next pick the whip warp thread will bebrought up on the left side of the ground warp. This has heretofore beenaccomplished by the employment of a back harness together with a frontharness, or in jacquard gauze weaving by the employment of mails servingas a back harness together with mails serving as a front harness.

The back harness has heretofore been made after the manner of a taffetaharness, while the front harness was the gauze harness proper, beingcomposed of guide healds or standards and of gauze-half-healds or doups.Each ground warp and each whip warp was drawn once through agauze-halfheald. The number of gauze-half-healds was thus equal to thenumber of ground warp threads plus the number of whip warp threads.

The distinctive feature of the gauze-halfheald proper is, that on theone treadle movement the gauze-half-heald proper is set in motion by theWarp thread (which for its part heretofore was moved by the backharness) and that on the other treadle movement the warp thread is setin motion by the In other words, in the case where the warp thread ismoved by another agency than by the gauze-half-heald proper itself (seeFigure 2 and consider the work of any gauze-half-heald proper, forinstance the work of the gauze-half-heald proper 0 the gauze-half-healdproper follows the warp thread without resistance into the positiongiven to said warp thread by said other agency (in Fig. 2 the warpthread S has been moved, viz. lowered, by 0 while the gauze-half-healdproper 0 which interests us, has followed it without resistance), whilein the other case, (see Fig. 3 and consid er again this samegauze-half-heald proper 0 the gauze-half-heald proper itself gives theposition to the warp thread (in Fig. 3 it was this very gauze half heald0 that brought the warp thread S in its position).

In the employment of back harness and front harness thegauze-half-healds perform active work only on the one treadle movement,namely on the so called gauze-treadle movement, drawing apart the warpthreads to form a shed: while on the other treadle movement, on theso-called tafiieta-treadle movement, the active work of shedding thewarp threads is effected by the back harness, and all thegauze-half-healds proper only passively follow the warp threads.

In the employment of back harness and front harness there is thedisadvantage that the harness as a whole, that is, both the back harnessand the front-harness together, occupies a lage space measured from thefront toward the back, and is therefore inconvenient for manyoperations. Also in the employment of back harness and front harness, onthe movement of the front harness, tension is produced between the backharness and the front harness. The consequences of this tension areincreased strain on the warp threads, and increased wear of the harness,and therefore reduced output and increased expenses.

Many attempts have been made to overcome the said draw-backs. Forinstance gauze-healds with double guidance have been proposed. In suchhealds, instead of the gauze-half-healds proper a form ofgauzehalfhealds, has been used, of which it is ex plicitly stated thaton no treadle movement is it operated by the warp, but that on the onetreadle movement it is operated by a left-hand guide-heald, and on theother treadle-movement it is operated by a right-hand guide heald..

In the case of gauze healds with double guidance, the back harness maybe dis ensed with, but with finer webs the gauze ealds with doubleguidance cannot be used.

The improved apparatus forming the subj ect of my present inventionlikewise renders it possible to dispense with the back harness,

and so avoid the drawbacks indicated, while still enabling the finestfabrics to be woven.

Fig. 1 of the annexed drawing shows a portion of an apparatus formingone embodiment of my invention in elevation in the position of rest:Figs. 2 and 3 are elevations showing the apparatus at the end of the twotreadle-movements.

As shown, S indicates the. ground warp thread: D the whip warp thread:P, F and F F the guide healds corresponding to the same pair of warpthreads: 0 and 0 and a and u? indicate the gauze-half-healds propercorresponding'to the said guide healds. The guide-healds are on shaftswhich have an in versib le movement due to the treadles. Each groundwarp thread and each whip warp thread is drawn through two gauze-hall'-healds proper 0 0 or a m. The number of gauze-half-healds proper is thustwice: the number of ground warp threads plus the number of whip-warpthreads.

In operation, when the guide heald F is moved downward, the guide healdF F rises, and vice versa. When F, F is low ered, the gauze-halfhealdproper 0 is drawn downwardly therewith, and the ground warp thread Scomes, as the gauze-halflheald proper 0 follows S without resistance,downward to the left of the whip warp thread D (Fig. 2). The guide healdW, F rising, the gauze-halfl1eald proper a is raised therewith, and thewhip warp thread D comes, as the gauze-half-heald proper a follows itwithout resistance, to a point upward to the right of the ground warpthread S. If on the other hand the guide heald I, I? be lowered (seeFig. 3) the gauze-half-heald proper 0 is drawn downward therewith, andthe ground warp thread S comes, as the gauze-half-heald proper 0 followsit without resistance, downward to the right of the whip warp thread D.The guide heald F, F rising, the gauze-halfheald proper u is raisedtherewith, and the whip warp thread D comes, as the gauze-halfhealdproper a follows it without resistance, to a point upward to the left ofthe ground shed is formed exclusivelyby means of gauzewarp thread S.From this arrangement, wherein both on the treadle movement here- Itofore called the movement of the gauze treal dle, and on the treadlemovement heretofore l called the movement of the taffeta treadle, the

half-healds proper, under otherwise like conditions there are efi'ectedreduction in expenses and increase of production. It is evident that thenew arrangement may be used in Jacquard looms as well as in sheddingmotions. The manner of mounting the gauzel half-healds will beunderstood from Figs. 1,

2 and 3 without further description.

What I do claim asmy invention, and de sire to secure by Letters Patentis 1 In a device for operating the warp threads in gauze weaving, thecombination of two gauze-half-healds 0 0 for the whip warp thread and oftwo gauze-halfhealds a u for the ground warp threads, with two guidehealds I F, F W, in such manner that the gauze-half-heald 0 embraces theground warp thread S and the guide heald 1*, and the gauze-half-heald11, embraces the whip warp thread D and the guide heald F and that thegauze-half-heald 0 embraces the ground warp thread S and the guide healdI, and the gauzehal'fheald a embraces the whip warp thread D and thegauze-halfheald F In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name thisseventh day of July 1905, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HEINRICH Tl-IEODOR PES'IALOZZI.

1 Witnesses:

VVOLDEMAR HAUPT, WILLIAM MAYNER.

